Apparatus for transforming motion.



Np. 786,715. A PATENTED APR A, 1905. 1

P513. M. BASTIOU. APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING MOTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29. 1903.

1 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No." 786,715. PATENTED APR. 4, 1905. P. E. M.'BAST IOU.

APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING MOTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29. 1903. I

I 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Arman 5m No. 786,715. PATPNTPDAPR. 4, 1905.

. P. E. M1 BASTIOU.

APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING MOTION. 1

' APPLIGATION FILED MAY 29. 19.03.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A Tram/gm UNITED. ST TES Patented April 4, 1905.

{PATENT 0FrIcE.-f

4 PIERRE EMILE MARIE BASTIOU, ()F LANNION, FRANCE.

APPARATUEES FOR TRAN$FQRMING WlQTIQ'JN.

fiPEGIFIGAfIION forming part of Letters Patent No. 786,715, dated April4, 1905.

Application filed May 29, 1903. Serial No. 159,314:-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PIERRE EMILE MARIE BASTIOU, doctor of medicine, ofHotel de Couquedec, Lannion, Ctes-du-iord, Republic of France, haveinvented Improvements in Apparatus forTransforming Reciprocating intoContinuous Rotary Motion, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to means for transforming a reciprocatingmovementinto acontinuous rotary movement. 1

- My device consists, essentially, of a lever of special arrangement, atone of the extremities of which the force to be transmitted acts, whilethe other extremity presents two arms, one of which is directed upwardlyand the other downwardly and acting upon two two ratchetwheels keyedupon the shaft from which movement is to be transmitted. These two armsdrive their respective ratchet-wheels alternately, one in rising and theother in the descent and always inthe same direction.

In order that the effort created by the resistance may invariably beexerted upon the lever in the same plane as the power, the le verpreferably acts upon the resistance to be overcome by the intermediaryof an arm downwardly directed and situated in the same plane as thepower with respect to this lever and of two upwardly-directed armssymmetrical with respect to the lever. In this case the three arms actrespectively upon three ratchet-wheels mounted upon the same shaft,

so that the lower arm will be operative in rising and the two upper armsin the descent, or inversely. The lever can still'be-terminated by threetoothed sectors-a central one with internal teeth and two others withex: ternal teeth provided on each side of the central sectorthese threesectors meshing, respectively, with three. pinions mounted upon the sameshaft, but driving the latter in a direction only so that this shaftwill be operated alternately by the central sector when the lever movesin a direction and by the two falls alternately into rotary movement.This float may, for example, be contained in a reservoir which isautomatically emptied and replenished. The float mayalso be immersed inthe sea,'the ebb and flow of which will cause it to rise and fall, therest of the apparatus being on the land or upon a fixed support or upona vessel, inlwhich latter case it is the swell which will displace thefloat.

My form of lever is applicable to many other purposes. It may, forexample, be employed for transmitting the movement communicated to ashaft bythe intermediary of pedals.

In order that the invention may be readily and clearly understood, Ihave represented the same in the accompanying drawings, but by way ofexample only.

Figure 1 is an elevation sectional on the line A B of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 isa plan view.

show a modified form of the apparatus in plan and-in perspective,respectively. Fig. 6 represents another modification in perspective.Figs. 7 and 8 show in elevation and in plan another modification of thedevice for transmitting movement. modification showing the applicationof the lever for transmitting the movement of a shaft operated by meansof pedals' Fig. 10 is a detail view showing the lever in elevation andin plan. Figs. 11 and 12 show in elevation and in plan a modified formof lever.

\ In the figures similar letters of reference are employed to designatelike parts.

The transmission device represented in Figs. 1 to 3 comprises a float a,suspended from on a shaft Z). This float is immersed in a reservoir 0,which is alternately emptied and replenlshed. The liquid enters thereservoir 0 through a pipe 0' and is discharged theretity of liquidentering may be discharged, so

7 Flg. 3 1s a perspective view. F1gs.4 and 5 Fig. 9 illustrates anotherthe extremity of a lever b, rotatably mounted that the emptying may beeii'ected while permitting the float to descend with the same velocityas that with which it rose. The vertical movement of the float is guidedby two pulleys, between which the rod a of this lloat is moved, or byrollers rolling upon the internal wall of the reservoir The lever 7)terminates in two arms If, one of which is upwardly directed, while theother extends downward, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. To these two armsZ) are attached two transmission-chains (Z (Z in engagement 5 withratchet-wheels 0', respectively. These wheels, the teeth of wnich may beeither curved or straight, are keyed upon the shaft f, and, passing overguide-pulleys g 7, each of these chains carries at its free extremity acounterweight it 71 or a counter-spring. One of the arms (the arm b ofthe lever 7)) is directed upward, and the other arm (the arm 5 isdirected downward. The contact of one of the chains, (Z, with itsratchet-wheel 0 therefore always takes place upon the same side of thisratchet-wheel with respect to a vertical line passing through itscenter, while, on the other hand, the other chain, (.Z, is in contactwith its ratchet-wheel 4 upon the opposite side in such a manner thatthe two chains are only in engagement with their respectiveratchet-wheels in one direction of of the movcmentthc chain (Z when thelever Z) is operated in one direction and the chain cl when this leverI) is operated in the opposite direction. In these conditions when thelever Z) is displaced in the direction indicated by the arrow in thedrawingsthat is to say, when the two arms 7) i descend-the chain (Z'drives the ratchet-wheel c and imparts to it an angular displacement,while the chain (Z, acted upon by its countewcight 7), slides upon itsratchet-wheel c. On the other hand, when the lever Z5 is displaced inthe opposite direction--that is to say, when the two arms Z1 rise thechain (Z', acted upon by its counterweight /1, slides upon itsratchetwheel a, exerting no action on this latter, and the chain (Zdrives its ratchet-wheel c, iniiparting to it an angular displacement inthe same direction as that prcy'iously comnunicated to the ratchet-wheelc by the chain d". The shaftfis therefore driven constantly at one timeby the ratchet-wheel c and at the other by the ratchet-wheel 0'. Uponthis shaftf are keyed. a fly-wheel a and a pulley y", from which themovement is taken. These two parts may be replaced by a pulley flywheel,if desired. The method of transmission by means ol ratchet-wheels andchains may be replaced by any suitable transmission.

In order that the driving efforts may always be exerted in the plane inwhich the lever 7) is displaced, this latter advantageously present asingle arm Z), directed downward and situated with respect to this use,

l lever in the same plane as the power, and two synnnetrical arms 6*,directed upward, as shown in Figs. t and 5. Fig. 6 shows another modili:ation, in which the chains corresponding to the two outer upper arms I!terminate beyond their guide-pulleys at two of tho apices of a triangle,to the third apex of which is attached the chain passing over theintermediate ratchet-wheel and terminating" at the single lower arm 7/",in which case this chain does not need a guide-pulley.

The iloat a should fulfil the two following conditions: First, itsweight in air should he sullicient for causing the arm oi the lover I,from which it is suspended, to descend; second, its volume should besuch that when it floats it displaces, without being completelyimmersed, a volume of water the weight of which is suilicient forreturning this lover to its initial position.

The depth of the reservoir c is determined in such manner that the floatmay never oncounter its bottom. The rescrvoi r may also comprise anauxiliary admission and discharge aperture for the liquid, cocks beingarranged upon these apertures in order that tho admission and dischargemay be varied according to the pressure of the liquid.

In order that the angular displacement ol the arms 7F 7) may bemaintaimzd constant when the travel of the float varies, l have dovisedthe following arrangement, Figs. '7 and 8: The lloatd instead of beingsuspended from the extremity of the lever 71 acts upon an auxiliarylever l, rotatable upon a shaft Z". One of the arms of this lever A' isarticulated to the lever l), and from the other arm is suspended thefloat (t. The two arms of those lovers 7 1', articulated one with theother, each present a slot for permitting of the dis ilacomcnt upon eachof them of their hinge-pin I when the travel of the lloat is modilied.'lho displacemont of the pin may be controlled by any apprmniate means.The two cxlj-rcn'iitics of this pivot may, for example, be mounted in afork m, carrying a rod 22, ada iliod to receive a longitudinaldisplacement control ed by any suitable gearing.

My apparatus operates in the Following manner: Assuming the variousparts to occupy the position represented in Fig. 1, upon water enteringthe reservoir 1 through the pipe r the float (a will rise, thelcvcr t,Fig. l, is displaced in the direction indicated by the arrow, the arm 7/descends, carrying with it its chain, the links of which engage with theteeth of its ratohct-wheel c, and nscqucntly imparts a movement ofrotation to this ratchet-wheel r and to its shaft The arm l'f alsodescending, its chain (Z, acted upon by its C(JlllllLOlWVGlfJjlll) /1slides over the teeth of its ratchct-whocl r without producing anyuseful ellect, bu t in no wise impeding the movement o'l rotation ofthisratchet-wheel a, which participates in the rotation of the shaft f. henthe level of the which it rose.

water in the reservoir reaches the elbow of the siphon 0 this latterbecomes primed. The emptying of the reservoir then takes placeautomatically, although water still continues to enter through the pipe0, because, as previously stated, the diameter of the dischargepipe islarger than that of the admission-pipe. The discharge therefore takesplace while permitting the float. to descend unde the action of gravitywith the same velocity gas that with The lever is then 'isplaced in theopposite direction, the arm 6 rising. Again its chain 0?, acted upon bythe counterweight it, slides over the teeth of the ratchetwheel 6without performing work; but, on the other hand, the chain (Z engageswith the teeth of its ratchetwheel 6 and imparts a movement of rotationto this latter and also to the shaft f, upon which it is fixed. Theshaft f. is thus driven when the float ascends and also when itdescends, and the rotation of this shaft is -rendered uniform by theaction of the fl vwheel z'. The float at having reached its lowermostposition, the water continuing to enter through the pipe 0,the-reservoir again becomes filled, the float a rises, and the differentoperations described above are reproduced in succession.

My apparatus may be made in all forms and of all dimensions and thedetail arrangements may be modified in accordance with thevariousapplications. V

Fig. 9 illustrates another application of my form of lever for thepurpose of transmitting the movement imparted to a shaft by meansof'pedals. The lever Z) then presents in addition to the two arms 6 6arranged in the manner stated above, two other arms, 6 Z), arranged asshown in Figs. 9 and 10 and respectively submitted to the action of twocams 0 0', keyed upon the shaft 19, actuated by means of pedals q q. Thecams 0 0 and the pedals g are fixed in such a manner that when thedescent of the pedal (1 takes place the cam 0 lifts the arm 6 until themoment at which this pedal begins to rise again. Then the pedal g,

which has reached the highest point of its stroke, commences in its turnto descend and the cam 0 depresses the arm 6. The lever 6 thereforereceives an oscillatory movement, being moved in onedirection by theaction of the cam 0 upon the arm 6 and in the other direction by theaction of the cam 0' upon the arm 6. I may transmit the movement of theshaft 19 to the lever b by any other appropriate means.

Figs. 11 and 12 show a modification according to which the lever bterminates at three sectors 6 b b", the two outer sectors 5 b havingexternal teeth and the central one 6 having internal teeth. These threesectors gear,

respectively, with three pinions e 0 0, mounted upon a shaft f, in orderto drive the latter in a direction only. When the lever 6 moves in thedirection of the arrow shown in full rotary motion is thereby impartedto the Y shaft f.

I claim 1. Means for transmitting movement permitting of converting arectilinear reciprocating motion into a movement of continuous rotation,the said means comprising an oscillating lever one of the extremities ofwhich presents three arms directed in opposite directions, the centralarm being directed downward and the two others upward, ratchetwheelskeyed upon the part to which the rotary motion is to be imparted, chainsgearing with each of the ratchet-wheels and connected with the leverarms, and pulleys arranged above the ratchet-wheels corresponding to theupward-directed arms.

2. Means for transmitting movement per one direction'and the other twoarms in a di- 9 5 rection opposite to that of the first armratchet-wheels keyed upon the part to which the rotary motion is to beimparted, chains gearing with each of the ratchet-wheels and connectedwith the lever-arms, and pulleys arranged above the ratchet-wheels, acounterbalance being connected to the end of each chain.

3. A device for converting motion, comprising a pivoted lever having aplurality of oppositely-projecting members at one end, ratchet-wheels onthe part to be rotated, guidepulleys above the ratchet-wheels, and achain connected with each member of the lever and engaging aratchet-wheel, each chain passing over a guide-pulley and having acounterpoise at its end.

4:. A device for converting motion, comprising a pivoted lever havingthree arms, the center arm projecting downwardly and the other two armsprojecting upwardly, three ratchet-wheels on the part to be rotated,guidepulleys above the ratchet-wheels, and a chain connected With eacharm of the lever and engaging a ratchet-wheel, said chains passing overthe guide-pulleys and each having a counj terpoise at its end.

The foregoing specification of my 1mpro vements in apparatus fortransforming re- Witnesses:

J. GAUTIER, TH. SOISBAUTH.

